THOMAS - QUICK ON THE DRAW (July 3rd)
St. Thomas was a dedicated apostle but he was quick-fired and rather impetuous. When Jesus said he was going back to visit his sick friend Lazarus, Thomas immediately whipped up the others to accompany Jesus although it involved certain danger and possible death because of the mounting hostility of the authorities.
At the Last Supper, when Christ told his apostles that he was going to prepare a place for them to which they could come, Thomas complained that they did not understand what he was talking about. His unwillingness to believe that the others had seen their risen Lord on the first Easter Sunday gained him the title of "Doubting Thomas".
Tradition says that when the apostles scattered after Pentecost he was sent to evangelise the Parthians, Medes, and Persians. He eventually reached India, carrying the gospel to the Malabar Coast, which still boasts a large native population calling themselves "Christians of St. Thomas". He is said to have been speared to death at a place called Calamine. His feast day is July 3rd and he is the patron saint of architects.
BENEDICT (July 11th)
St Benedict lived between 480 and 547. He was born in Nursia, Italy, and as a young man he became interested in the monastic tradition that had been going for several centuries, started by monks who went out to live in the deserts of Egypt, Palestine and Asia Minor, usually alone but sometimes in common. He associated with other monks and learned the life from them and from reading the monastic literature. Eventually he founded a monastery himself, thus earning the title "Founder of Western Monasticism", and he wrote his own Rule, a series of regulations that governed all aspects of life for his fellow monks, the Benedictines. This Rule has become the basis of many communities of monks and nuns that grew up over later centuries and is still used today in convents and monasteries around the world.
These days we are blessed with lots of role models in Europe. But when the Benedictine monastery of Monte Cassino was being rededicated in 1964 (after being bombed during World War II), Pope Paul VI designated St Benedict as the "principal, heavenly patron of the whole of Europe".
Who was Luke?
It's hard to piece together the jig-saw that is St Luke's life. He does not appear on the scene until long after the time of Jesus and we first come across him not in his own gospel but in the Acts of the Apostles (which he also wrote) around the year 51 at Troas when he joins St Paul on his journeys. In his letter to the Colossians St Paul refers to Luke as "the beloved physician" (Col 4:14). Sometimes slaves were trained in medicine so as to provide an on-the-spot doctor for their master's family and servants, so we cannot be sure whether Luke was a freeman or not. His command of Greek is probably the best of all the gospel writers and this has given rise to the theory that he was an educated Greek and a gentile. According to the early Church historian, Eusebius, Luke was a Syrian who was born in Antioch.
The end of his life, after St Paul's death, is shrouded in conflicting theories. Some people say that he was martyred while others report that he had a long life. There are accounts that he went and preached the gospel in Greece and other records state that he travelled to Gaul. An early tradition says that he died in Boeotia in Greece in the year 84, after settling there to write his gospel. Despite this lack of background information, we have a full programme of teaching in the gospel of Luke and much of it that is found in none of the other three evangelists' work.
Christian tradition has symbolically connected the authors of the four gospels with the four "living creatures" that surround God's throne in the Book of Revelation 4:7, and so Luke is depicted in art as an ox or calf.